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CVE-2025-25291

ruby-saml vulnerable to SAML authentication bypass due to DOCTYPE handling (parser differential)

Published: Mar 12, 2025Updated: Nov 3, 2025 Sources: CVE List NVD GHSA BDUCWE-347
9.8CRITICAL
NVD MITRE
EPSS Score
19.5%
Top 3.0%
CISA KEV
Not in KEV
Exploits
1 Known
Remediation
Patch Available
Self-Check
Nuclei · OpenVAS

Description

ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.

No summary for this CVE yet.

CVSS Vector Breakdown

AV:NAC:LPR:NUI:NS:UC:HI:HA:H
Exploitability
AV:NAttack Vector
Network
AC:LAttack Complexity
Low
PR:NPrivileges Required
None
UI:NUser Interaction
None
Scope
S:UScope
Unchanged
Impact
C:HConfidentiality
High
I:HIntegrity
High
A:HAvailability
High
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Weaknesses

CWE-347CWE-436

Affected Products

Ruby Team
oss-projectaka ruby-lang
Ruby SAMLLibraryLibrary
OSS Libraries / rubygems
Omniauth SAMLLibraryLibrary
OSS Libraries / rubygems
omniauth
oss-projectaka omniauth saml, omnitauth-saml
omniauth samlLibrary
Security Products / identity-access-mgmt
onelogin
commercial·USaka onelogin saml sso, onelogin saml
ruby-samlSaaS
Security Products / identity-access-mgmt
netapp
commercial·US
storagegrid
Hardware Firmware
Сообщество свободного программного обеспечения
oss-projectaka fsf
Debian GNU/LinuxOn-premOS
Operating Systems / linux-distro
GitLab Inc.
commercial·US
GitlabOn-premWeb App
DevTools & CI / source-control
and 2 more affected products View all →

Exploitability

1 exploit source identified

Exploit details including PoC links, Metasploit modules, and scanner templates are available after registration.

View exploit details
Official Patch Available
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Attack Graph

Products CVE Techniques Tactics

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MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique
Collection
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References

https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released
about.gitlab.com
https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials
github.blog
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9
github.com
and 17 more references View all →
News mentions
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