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CVE-2025-12044

Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression

Published: Oct 23, 2025Updated: Dec 23, 2025 Sources: CVE List NVD GHSA BDUCWE-770
7.5HIGH
NVD MITRE
EPSS Score
0.5%
Top 60.0%
CISA KEV
Not in KEV
Exploits
No Known Exploits
Remediation
Patch Available
Self-Check
Not available

Description

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]  which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.

No summary for this CVE yet.

CVSS Vector Breakdown

AV:NAC:LPR:NUI:NS:UC:NI:NA:H
Exploitability
AV:NAttack Vector
Network
AC:LAttack Complexity
Low
PR:NPrivileges Required
None
UI:NUser Interaction
None
Scope
S:UScope
Unchanged
Impact
C:NConfidentiality
None
I:NIntegrity
None
A:HAvailability
High
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Weaknesses

CWE-770

Affected Products

HashiCorp
commercial·USaka hashicorp inc.
VaultSaaSSaaS Service
Cloud & SaaS
Vault Community EditionSaaSSaaS Service
Cloud & SaaS
Vault EnterpriseSaaSSaaS Service
Cloud & SaaS
Go
package-ecosystem
github.com/hashicorp/vault
OSS Libraries
and 1 more affected products View all →

Exploitability

Official Patch Available
Is your org exposed to CVE-2025-12044?We can run the check for you — a free external exposure review, no install. Check my exposure

Attack Graph

Products CVE Techniques Tactics

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MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique
Impact
View detailed technique mapping

References

https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vault-vulnerable-to-denial-of-service-due-to-rate-limit-regression/76710
discuss.hashicorp.com
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12044
nvd.nist.gov
https://github.com/hashicorp/vault/commit/b19e74c29a33ed2a99fc01626104db1a49345df3
github.com
and 4 more references View all →
News mentions
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